A major problem faced by developing countries is the relative ______ of drinkable water as compared to water in general.

The correct answer, scarcity, accurately describes a significant issue in developing countries regarding drinkable water. In many of these nations, while there may be a considerable amount of water available in various forms, such as rivers, lakes, and underground sources, the amount of water that is safe and suitable for human consumption is notably limited. This scarcity of potable water leads to challenges in health, sanitation, and overall quality of life.

Scarcity implies that the demand for drinkable water exceeds the available supply. In many regions, pollution, over-extraction of groundwater, and inadequate infrastructure contribute to this scarcity, making it difficult for populations to access clean drinking water. This situation can lead to severe health problems, restrict economic development, and hinder efforts toward sustainable growth.

In contrast, terms like abundance or availability would suggest that drinkable water is plentiful, which does not reflect the reality in many developing countries. Shortage also focuses on an immediate lack of something, but it does not capture the long-term challenges associated with the sustainable management and distribution of clean water resources. Therefore, scarcity best encapsulates the ongoing difficulties faced by these nations regarding access to safe drinking water.