What occurs when marginal benefit equals marginal cost?

When marginal benefit equals marginal cost, it indicates that the production of an additional unit of a good or service is producing just enough benefit to cover the cost incurred to produce that unit. This situation signifies an optimal level of output because it represents the point at which resources are allocated most efficiently.

At this balance, consumers are receiving the highest possible benefit from the product while producers are also covering their costs and not incurring losses. If more units were produced beyond this point, marginal costs would exceed marginal benefits, leading to inefficiency. Conversely, if fewer units are produced, it would suggest foregone benefits that could have been realized by producing additional units.

Thus, achieving this equilibrium is crucial to ensuring that the overall economy operates efficiently, maximizing total welfare.